General Self-Efficacy Scale

GSE · Schwarzer & Jerusalem (1995) · 10 items · ~3 minutes

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Please read each statement below and indicate how true it is for you. Think about yourself in general — not just in one specific situation. Choose the response that best reflects your typical beliefs about your own abilities.

1 = Not at all true  ·  2 = Hardly true  ·  3 = Moderately true  ·  4 = Exactly true
0 of 10 answered0%

Your Results

This is a total score from 10–40 — the sum of 10 items each rated 1–4 — so it's compared below against other total scores, not a percentage.

International normative benchmarks · Scholz et al. (2002) · N ≈ 19,000 across 25 countries

International average
29.6
across 25 countries
Germany
29.1
SD ≈ 4.9
United States
29.5
SD ≈ 5.1
Costa Rica (highest)
32.4
SD ≈ 4.8
Japan (lowest)
20.9
SD ≈ 4.8
This respondent
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Source: Scholz, U., Gutiérrez-Doña, B., Sud, S., & Schwarzer, R. (2002). Is general self-efficacy a universal construct? Psychometric findings from 25 countries. European Journal of Psychological Assessment, 18(3), 242–251. Note that significant cross-cultural variation exists — scores reflect cultural norms as much as individual trait differences.

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